Technology Outline (Process Description)

Nickel manganese and cobalt based cathode materials, known as NMC, are emerging as promising options due to their high discharge capacity compared to conventional materials for application in EVs. Lithium Nickel Manganese Cobalt Oxide (Li NMC) cathode-based Li-ion batteries are crucial for EV applications, offering high energy density, excellent power capabil- ity, and long cycle life. These batteries enable extended driving ranges and efficient power delivery. Li NMC cathode-based batteries also exhibit good thermal stability, ensuring safety and reliability in EVs. Under the DST MES project, NMC cathode materials were developed with a discharge capacity of over 231 mAh/g and cyclability exceeding 2000. Cylindrical cells were fabricated, and a 42 V, 7 Ah battery pack was assembled to test an e-bike. Additionally, NaNMC/NFM cathode and biowaste based hard carbon materials were also synthesized, and a 42 V, 6Ah sodium-ion battery pack was developed for an e-bicycle. A battery management system, charger, and cell balancing system were also developed. Present development is, aligning with the “Make in India” initiative.